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The Petkau Effect And Low Dose Radiation Harm Caused To Humans, Plants, Animals And Bacteria, Orders Of Magnitude Worse Effect Than Official Estimates, Dangers Of Carbon 14 From Nuclear Plants |
The Petkau Effect And Low Dose Radiation Harm Caused To Humans, Plants, Animals And Bacteria, Orders Of Magnitude Worse Effect Than Official Estimates, Dangers Of Carbon 14 From Nuclear Plants
CDC ADMITS 900 HEAVY METAL RADIOACTIVE POISONS ARE RELEASED AFTER A NUCLEAR BOMB EXPLODES, AND 2,400 OF THESE HAVE BEEN SET OFF ON EARTH ALREADY
Dr. Charles Miller; Vital information for surviving nuclear fallout/Dirty bombs/Radiation leaks
VIDEO: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1lBtjnQfuy4 10 min.
After a nuclear blast, over 900 radioactive fission products are released, according to the CDC video above. After one hour, over 165 of these radioactive fission products are still remaining. Although the fission products reduce in dose from a nuclear explosion fairly rapidly, it does not mean that there is no harm from even low doses of radiation emitted regularly from other radiation sources such as nuclear power plants, uranium mines, nuclear weapons facilities, enrichment facilities, plutonium/uranium recycling facilities, and other sources of low level radiation. How many of these radioactive heavy metal poisons are there? Somewhere between 900 and 3,000 man made poisons, all coming out of nuclear explosions and nuclear reactors…
3,000 Lethal Man Made Heavy Metal Radioactive Poisonous Elements Created By Nuclear Industry Are Coming Out Of All Reactors And Nuclear Accidents, Pandora’s Box Opened
http://agreenroad.blogspot.com/2013/10/1946-lethal-radioactive-man-made.html
Dr. Busby Reports On The Number Of Deaths Caused By Radioactive Heavy Metal Poisons Released From 2,400 Nuclear Atmospheric Bomb Tests, Exploded During 1945 -1998
http://agreenroad.blogspot.com/2012/04/nuclear-atmospheric-bomb-testing-1945.html
List Of All 70+ Global Nuclear Reactor Melt Downs And Other Radiation Accidents, Spills, Attacks
http://agreenroad.blogspot.com/2014/04/list-of-all-27-global-nuclear-reactor.html
MANY OF THE POISON FISSION PRODUCTS CREATED BY NUCLEAR INDUSTRY LAST FOR BILLIONS OF YEARS, AND END UP WITH TOXIC HEAVY METAL LEAD AT THE END
From the initial explosion, radioactive fission products decay at a rate that is determined by a chart such as the one in the following linked article;
93 Long life Radiation Contaminants, A Problem For Billions Of Years; via A Green Road
http://agreenroad.blogspot.com/2012/03/93-long-lived-nuclear-elements.html
Since these man made fission products remain in the global environment for a very long time, (millions to billions of years) it would help to know what the effects of low dose of radiation from these low level radioactive contaminants are on the health of human beings. This is where Dr. Petkau’s research comes in, as well as other research that confirms his findings, by other researchers and scientists.
DR PETKAU FOUND THAT EVEN VERY LOW LEVELS OF RADIATION CAN CAUSE CELL DAMAGE OR DESTRUCTION, DNA MUTATIONS
Dr. Petkau found that even very low radiation levels can cause cell damage or destruction. He is credited with researching and reporting about the ‘Petkau Effect’.
What is the Petkau Effect? Wikipedia states that; “the Petkau effect is an early counterexample to linear-effect assumptions usually made about radiation exposure. It was found by Dr. Abram Petkau at the Atomic Energy of Canada Whiteshell Nuclear Research Establishment, Manitoba and published in Health Physics March 1972.[1]
The Petkau effect was coined by Swiss nuclear hazards commentator Ralph Graeub in 1985 in this book Der Petkau-Effekt und unsere strahlende Zukunft (The Petkau effect and our Radiating Future).[2]
Petkau had been measuring, in the usual way, the radiation dose that would rupture a simulated artificial cell membrane. He found that 3500 rads delivered in 2¼ hours (26 rad/min = 15.5 Sv/h) would do it.
Then, almost by chance, Petkau repeated the experiment with much weaker radiation and found that 0.7 rads delivered in 11½ hours (1 millirad/min = 0.61 mSv/h) also ruptured the membrane. This was counter to the prevailing assumption of a linear relationship between total dose or dose rate and the consequences.[3]
The radiation was of ionizing nature, and produced negative oxygen ions (free radicals). Those ions were more damaging to the simulated membrane in lower concentrations than higher (a somewhat counter-intuitive result in itself) because in the latter, they more readily recombine with each other instead of interfering with the membrane. The ion concentration directly correlated with the radiation dose rate and the composition had non-monotonic consequences.”
Source; http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petkau_effect
DR LINUS PAULING SAYS THERE IS NO SAFE AMOUNT OF MAN MADE RADIATION AND EVEN SMALL AMOUNTS DO HARM
According to the book The Petkau Effect;
“There is no safe amount of radiation. Even small amounts do harm.”
Dr. Linus Pauling
Nobel Prize for Chemistry, 1954
Nobel Peace Prize, 1962
LOW DOSE RADIATION HAS A SUPRALINEAR EFFECT
Via flyingcuttlefish Radiation has a supralinear effect. The ultralow rad exposures are more damaging per unit of rad than higher level rad exposures per unit. The top right curve below is the supralinear effect. Because the unpaired electrons released along the path of the radiation alpha particle or wave are unbalanced, they steal electrons from the cell causing disfunction.
When there is a higher density of radiation present, there is a higher probability that the unpaired electrons will partner up with each, other and not have to steal them from the cell. It took a long time for Dr. Goffman to get the Natl. Acad. Science to accept the supralinear dose response for rad, but they finally did about 50 years later. He was a friend of mine.
So this is a very important first concept to keep in mind and to approach any low level radiation with this as the foundation of the effects.”
(Source –http://www.studyblue.com/notes/note/n/pharmacodyamics/deck/5788562)
BIER REPORT SAYS THERE IS NO THRESHOLD EXPOSURE BELOW WHICH RADIATION CAN BE DEMONSTRATED TO BE HARMLESS
“The scientific research base shows that there is no threshold exposure below which radiation can be demonstrated to be harmless.”
“There is no safe level of radiation. Period.”
Health Risks from Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation
BIER VII Phase 2
National Academies Press 2006
Leuren Moret A geoscientist who worked at the Lawrence Livermore Lab. CA.
“There is no longer a cold war to justify the continued operation of hundreds of nuclear plants daily releasing highly toxic radioactivity into our air, our milk and our drinking water, constantly adding to the nuclear wastes no one knows how to keep out of the environment for thousands of years.”
Quotes From Famous People About Nuclear Energy And Radiation Dangers; via @AGreenRoad
http://agreenroad.blogspot.com/2013/07/quotes-from-famous-people-about-nuclear.html
Ralph Graeub; The Petkau Effect, 1992
“A number of independent researchers have demonstrated that long-term, relatively low levels of radiation may wreak up to 1000 times more biological havoc than the currently accepted “risk levels” that are being used as reference points for decisions about licensing and operating nuclear plants.“
In 1972, a researcher in Canada, Dr. Abram Petkau, found that when cells were irradiated slowly, a smaller total dose was needed to cause damage. Since this critical discovery it has been verified that a small dose of radiation over a long time is more damaging than one larger dose. Imagine the ramifications! This means that the small amounts of radiation that are released from the everyday operation of the world’s 400 nuclear plants are doing much more damage than calculated.
This discovery, known as the “Petkau Effect,” showed that the amounts of radiation that are legally released from nuclear power plants, combined with the leaks, spills, and accidents, are a cause of extreme damage to our health because continuous low-level exposures produce hundreds to thousands of times more free radicals than the same dose delivered at one time, as in an X ray, for example.
Dr. Ernest Sternglass, retired Emeritus Professor of Radiological Physics at the University of Pittsburgh and a pioneering researcher in the field of radiation health, explains in his 1978 book Secret Fallout the implications of this new understanding: “Doses of radiation delivered slowly and continuously over extended periods of time are hundreds of times as damaging biologically as short, high intensity exposures of the same total dose. This was made clear in 1972 by Dr. Abram Petkau who discovered that at low doses of radiation absorbed at low rates, the dominant biological damage is produced by highly toxic molecules called free radicals.”
The everyday releases of radioactivity by nuclear power plants has been found to cause several kinds of health damage, including premature births, congenital defects, infant mortality, mental retardation, heart ailments, arthritis, diabetes, allergies, asthma, cancer, genetic damage and chronic fatigue syndrome. Low dose radiation has been linked to previously unknown infectious diseases and generally weakens the immune system.
Low dose radiation shortens the life span of most organisms, according to Denham Harman in Free Radical Theory of Aging. Even at low levels, radiation may increase mutations of bacteria and viruses, as Andrei Sakharov described in his 1992 Memoirs.
A 1966 report by the Atomic Energy Commission, The Genetic Effects of Radiation, concluded “there is no threshold on the genetic effect of radiation. There is no safe level of radiation insofar as genetic effects are concerned.”
But humans evolved in an environment that contained naturally occurring radiation. So why is radiation so hazardous to us? The answer to this has to do with the type of radiation. Radon, which was always around (see below), is known as alpha radiation. But if we breathe them in, they can cause lung cancer, per the EPA, which has extensive information on the subject. In other words, ‘natural’ radiation is not ‘safe’. But with alpha radiation from radon, the radiation cannot travel very far. However, radioactive Strontium 90, which is a man-made radiation, emits a beta radiation. It can travel far. So how does this affect us? To be sure, understand that alpha radiation is not ‘safe’, in any form..
Alpha Radiation Dangers; Polonium, Radon, Radium, Plutonium, Uranium
http://agreenroad.blogspot.com/2012/04/alpha-radiation-dangers-polonium-radon.html
WHAT HAPPENS INSIDE THE BONES, AS RADIOACTIVE STRONTIUM AND PLUTONIUM ARE ABSORBED, BECAUSE THEY MIMIC CALCIUM AND IRON?
Human bones are hollow inside, so they have a space for the bone marrow. This is the place where the white blood cells, which are key operatives in the immune system, are made. Nature did a brilliant design here because the bone protected the delicate bone marrow from the then-prevalent type of alpha-radiation. Nature did not foresee that humans would come up with a type of radiation that did not fit into this radon radiation protective design.
Because beta and gamma radiation can travel through bone, they are able to zap the white blood cells. What is worse, is that the strontium 90 mimics calcium, and man made radioactive plutonium mimics iron, they BOTH end up being absorbed INTO the bone marrow, which is the absolute worst place for these deadly man made radioactive elements to be. What happens next?
As we gradually absorb and build up radioactive elements in our body and particularly in the bones, we gradually have a more and more weakened immune system. Some people feel this as ‘hurting’ bone pain. More severe consequences from these two killers can result in leukemia and bone cancer. What is the answer to this dilemma? This seems to be the question confronting humanity.
In his ground-breaking book The Petkau Effect (Four Walls Eight Windows, NYC 1992) Ralph Graeub describes the mechanism whereby small doses of low level radiation are far more damaging in their cumulative effect than previously thought. He says in the forward:
“The present book provides additional reasons why nuclear energy is not ‘environmentally benign’ so that the public that continues to be deceived by nuclear propaganda can make a more informed judgement as to whether it really wants a ‘new generation’ of nuclear plants for both bomb-making and civilian power generation. Among the most important of the recent scientific discoveries that have been successfully kept from the public is the Petkau Effect, the discovery that showed low-dose protracted radiation exposures such as those produced by radioactive fission products to be hundreds to thousands of times as damaging as the same dose received in a short medical X-ray…
Dr. Caldicott MD – Lethal Danger of CT Scans, X-Rays; Dental Xrays, Tomography; Cancer Or Leukemia Caused By Low Doses Of Medical Radiation, Harm Versus Benefits, Nuclear Fuel Chain
http://agreenroad.blogspot.com/2012/05/lethal-danger-of-ct-scans-and-x-rays.html
NOBEL PRIZE WINNING DR. MULLER DISCOVERED THAT EVEN LOW DOSES OF X RAYS CAUSE GENETIC MUTATIONS
Dr. Hermann Joseph Muller
Wikipedia; “Discovery of X-ray mutagenesis
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Born |
December 21, 1890 New York City, New York, U.S. |
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Died |
April 5, 1967 (aged 76) Indianapolis, Indiana, U.S. |
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Nationality |
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Fields |
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Doctoral students |
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Known for |
The genetic effects of radiation |
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Notable awards |
1946 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine Linnean Society of London‘s Darwin–Wallace Medal (1958). Fellow of the Royal Society[1] 1963 Humanist of the Year (American Humanist Association) |
1926 marked the beginning of a series of major breakthroughs. Beginning in November, Muller carried out two experiments with varied doses of X-rays, the second of which used the crossing over suppressor stock (“ClB”) he had found in 1919.
A clear, quantitative connection between radiation and lethal mutations quickly emerged. Muller’s discovery created a media sensation after he delivered a paper entitled “The Problem of Genetic Modification” at the Fifth International Congress of Genetics in Berlin; it would make him one of the better known public intellectuals of the early 20th century. By 1928, others had replicated his dramatic results, expanding them to other model organisms such as wasps and maize. In the following years, he began publicizing the likely dangers of radiation exposure in humans (such as physicians who frequently operate X-ray equipment).[11]
In 1946 Muller was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, “for the discovery that mutations can be induced by x-rays”. Genetics, and especially the physical and physiological nature of the gene, was becoming a central topic in biology, and x-ray mutagenesis was a key to many recent advances, among them George Beadle and Edward Tatum‘s work on Neurospora that established the one gene-one enzyme hypothesis.[20]
The Nobel Prize, in the wake of the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, focused public attention on a subject Muller had been publicizing for two decades: the dangers of radiation. In 1952, nuclear fallout became a public issue; since Operation Crossroads, more and more evidence had been leaking out about radiation sickness and death caused by nuclear testing, and Muller was one of the foremost experts. Muller—and many other scientists—pursued an array of political activities to defuse the threat of nuclear war.
With the Castle Bravo fallout controversy in 1954, the issue became even more urgent. In 1955 Muller was one of eleven prominent intellectuals to sign the Russell-Einstein Manifesto, the upshot of which was the first Pugwash Conference on Science and World Affairs in 1957, which addressed the control of nuclear weapons.[3][21] He was a signatory (with many other scientists) of the 1958 petition to the United Nations, calling for an end to nuclear weapons testing, which was initiated by the Nobel Prize-winning chemist Linus Pauling.[3]
He was awarded the Linnean Society of London‘s prestigious Darwin-Wallace Medal in 1958 and the Kimber Genetics Award of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences in 1955.[22] He served as president of the American Humanist Association from 1956 to 1958. The American Mathematical Society selected him as its Gibbs Lecturer for 1958.[23]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermann_Joseph_Muller
PLANTS BEING AFFECTED BY LOW DOSES OF MAN MADE RADIATION SUCH AS RADIOACTIVE CARBON 14
The biological and genetic damage is not confined to humans, but applies to other forms of life, from fish to birds and mammals, and even to our trees as well as bacteria and viruses. Only an immediate shutdown of all reactors can end the threat to our health and that of future generations.”As well as health damage, The Petkau Effect presents a direct link between the death of the trees and plants and the effects of low level radiation.
The following excerpt from The Petkau Effect explains why plants are so much more sensitive to air pollution than animals. Also look at photos of deformed plants from the Pennsylvania Three Mile Island nuclear power plant area in chapter 7. The plant deformities were observed after the nuclear accident there in 1979.
“The decline of the forests has grown from a disturbing trend to a catastrophe of dramatic proportions. Hardly has one study on the subject been finished than it is surpassed by another bearing worse tidings. Not so long ago, the march of death was confined to certain species in certain locations – today it is a virtually global epidemic. Fruit trees are showing the same symptoms as those of the forest. 30 percent of the fruit trees in the Canton of Thurgovi in Switzerland are destroyed. Now they fear the vineyards will follow.
“We now have proof of the risk of interrupting the very basis of the life cycle of plants, animals and man – in brief, photosynthesis on Earth is endangered!
“There is a fundamental difference between plants and animals, and this determines why plants are so much more sensitive to air pollution. We animals need air for its oxygen, to burn our food so as to obtain energy. The plant, however, gets almost all of its nutrition in the form of carbon, which is contained in the air in the form of carbonic acid (C02) and is made available to the plant through the process of photosynthesis. The plant must take in MUCH more air than animals to get enough carbon.
“The prodigious aeration of the plants explains their tremendous sensitivity to air pollution. The toxic effects of airborn pollutants show up earlier in plants than in the human.
“Radioactive Carbon 14 is produced in very miniscule amounts by cosmic rays, and in much larger amounts by nuclear bomb tests and nuclear power plants, as well as their ‘accidents’ or spills. By 1963, Carbon 14 in the Northern Hemisphere had increased by 100 percent, and by 1984, about one decade later, it had increased another 25 percent. An increase in radioactivity of only one percent eventually translates into a decline in tree growth of about 18 percent. It is interesting to note that a global increase of Carbon 14 – one such as has never before been seen – parallels the slowing growth and the endemic death of trees from Lebanon to the Himalayas.
“This is why we must give immediate priority to clarifying the influence of radioactivity in our environment.”
Doctor Rosalie Bertell is a world renowned expert in environmental epidemiology, working in this field since 1969. She is the author of No Immediate Danger: Prognosis for a Radioactive Earth and Planet Earth the Latest Weapon of War as well as hundreds of articles. She received the Right Livelihood Award (an alternative to the Nobel Prize) in 1986. In the following excerpts Dr. Bertell discusses the health hazards of low level radiation, confirming the Petkau Effect.
The article is titled Gulf War Syndrome, Depleted Uranium and the Dangers of Low-Level Radiation. It is available on the website of the Canadian Coalition for Nuclear Responsibility, where you can find more studies relating to this topic. (www.ccnr.org)
“In the past few years the information available on the health effects of exposure to low levels of radiation has increased. We are no longer dependent on the commercial or military nuclear researchers who since 1950 have claimed that studies of the effects of low-level radiation are impossible to undertake. The new information is unsettling because it proves the critics of the industry to have been correct as to its serious potential to damage living tissue.
“There have also been significant new releases of findings from the atomic bomb research in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, the self-acclaimed classical research of radiation health effects.
“Because the nuclear industry has always maintained that the effects of low dose radiation exposure are so small that it is impossible to study them, they proposed extrapolating the effects from those observed at high dose, using a straight line to zero (zero dose, zero effect), together with “correction factors” for low dose/slow-dose rates.
“The effect of this ‘correction’ is to reduce the fatal cancer estimates calculated by D.L. Preston, then Director of the Radiation Effects Research Foundation at Hiroshima, using the new dosimetry, from seventeen fatalities per million people to five fatalities per million people per rad exposure. The corresponding estimates based on actually observed rates for nuclear workers is between ten and thirty fatalities per million per rad. Obviously, for the adult healthy male, the dose-response estimate should be about twenty for fatal cancers per million per rad.
“However, although we can make a strong case for increasing the ‘official’ estimates of harm by a factor of four, this fails to deal with non-fatal cancers, depressed immune systems, localized tissue damage (especially the respiratory, digestive and urinary tracts), damage to skin, and reproductive problems. Radiation can cause brain lesions, damage to the stem cells which produce the blood and, when the radioactive material is carried in a heavy metal (uranium), it can be stored in bone, irradiating body organs and nerves within its radius.”Dr. Bertell points us to some supporting data:
“I would like to bring your attention to the following significant new reports on the effects of low-level radiation:
• Health Consequences of the Chernobyl Accident, Results of the IPHECA Pilot Projects and Related National Programs, Scientific Report, World Health Organization, Geneva 1996.
• Consequences of the Chernobyl Catastrophe: Human Health, E.B. Burlakova, ed. Co- published by the Center for Russian Environmental Policy and the Scientific Council on Radiobiology, Russian Academy of Science, ISBN 5-88587-019-5, Moscow 1996.
• Radiation Research 1994, Volume 137, which published for the first time the dose- response data on cancer incidence rate observed in the atomic bomb survivors of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Prior to this publication, only cancer death data was reported.
• Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiation (BEIR V), U.S. National Academy of Sciences, Washington 1990. This provides new radiation risk estimates based on the newly assigned doses of radiation in this atomic bomb survivor study. “Also available now are the long term follow-up of workers in the nuclear industry. This industry has now been operating for more than fifty years in the United States and for about fifty years in the United Kingdom. These include:
• “Inconsistencies and Open Questions Regarding Low-Dose Health Effects of Ionizing Radiation”, by R. Nussbaum and W. Kohnlein. Environmental Health Perspectives, Vol. 102, NO.8, August 1994.
• RERF Technical Report TR9-87, by D.L. Preston and D.A. Pierce, Hiroshima 1987.
• “The Effects of Changes in Dosimetry on Cancer Mortality Risk Estimates in Atomic Bomb Survivors” Radiation Research, Vol. 114,1988.
• “Mortality and Occupational Exposure to Irradiation: First Analysis of the National Registry for Radiation Workers” by G.M. Kendall. British Medical Journal, Vol. 304, 1992.
• “Mortality Among Workers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory” by S. Wing. Journal of the American Medical Association, Vol. 265, 1991.
• “Reanalysis of the Hanford Data, 1944-1986 Deaths” by G.W. Kneale and A. Stewart. American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Volume 23, 1993. The above is from: Gulf War Syndrome, Depleted Uranium and the Dangers of Low-Level Radiation, by Dr. Rosalie Bertell. It is available on the website of the Canadian Coalition for Nuclear Responsibility: www.ccnr.org
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Today, neither Petkau’s work or a great body of research confirming it are known. The nuclear industry and regulators together still allow ‘permissible levels’ that are much higher than what is indicated by this research as being and policy is being made with these levels as a reference point. Paradigm altering information is being ignored.
Scientific research is done and public health policy is made, solely in the interest of military and nuclear industry/corporate profits. At the same time, honest scientists are marginalized by lack of funding and by lack of access to the mass media. So, today we have regulatory policy which is based on the supposedly harmless and ‘negligible effects’ of small amounts of radiation, when it is exactly these small amounts which are so damaging!”
Source; http://www.nuclearreader.info/chapter3.html
Could Krypton 85 Gas And Open Air Fission Be Generating Massive Typhoons, One A Week Basis?
http://agreenroad.blogspot.com/2013/10/could-krypton-85-gas-and-open-air.html
Fukushima Created Radioactive Sulfur, Acid Rain, Acid Ocean And Radioactive Chlorine, Which Reached The USA
http://agreenroad.blogspot.com/2014/04/fukushima-radioactive-sulfur-and.html
Radioactive Krypton 85 Gas Generates Massive Storms, Larger Typhoons And More Lightning Due To Increased Conductivity Of The Atmosphere
http://agreenroad.blogspot.com/2013/10/could-krypton-85-gas-and-open-air.html
How Nuclear Reactors Act Like Tesla Death Ray Ion Guns, Shooting Plasma Ionizing Gases And Rays Into Upper Atmosphere, Destroying Ion Balance
http://agreenroad.blogspot.com/2014/12/how-nuclear-reactors-act-like-tesla.html
Citizens Climate Lobby Promotes Carbon Taxes, Another False Solution, Being Pushed By Pro Nuclear Promoters To Ensure Profits For Nuclear Power Industry
http://agreenroad.blogspot.com/2015/12/citizens-climate-lobby-promotes-carbon.html
Radioactive Carbon 14 From Nuclear Power Plants Causing Deforestation, Fungus Infections, Disease And Death Of Trees And Plants Globally – Global Warming
http://agreenroad.blogspot.com/2014/05/carbon-14-emitted-by-nuclear-power.html
HUMANITY MUST BAN NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY OR LOSE THE SPECIES COMPLETELY
Denuclearize or lose our species – Christopher Busby, Majia Nadesen
CIA AGENT REPORTS THAT GOVERNMENT IS COVERING UP EFFECTS OF RADIATION AND ACTUAL RISKS ARE ORDERS OF MAGNITUDE LARGER THAN OFFICIAL ESTIMATES
CIA Agent: Gov’t covering up effects of radiation; I hope public becomes more aware of threat to their health — Study: Actual radiation risks are “orders of magnitude greater” than official estimates; “Completely changes the picture… a serious public health hazard” (VIDEO)
WHAT ARE THE NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF MAN MADE RADIATION ON A CELLULAR LEVEL?
Stop Nuclear Energy Programs
© 2013 Ramaswami Ashok Kumar
By applying the precautionary principle which suggests that when we are unsure about the risks of a certain industrial process or its pollutants, we should not allow it to proceed until we can be sure that it is safe, all radioactive emissions must be stopped forthwith till they are proved safe by the latest science and technology research which can be independently verified. In this connection readers may note that a Sievert is a subjective measure of radiation dose based on the Gray, a Joule of energy delivered to a kilogramme of tissue.
Note that a radioactive element (the radionuclide being Plutonium 239 or Radium 226 (mining uranium or in a coal fired plant, the flyash)) lodged in a living cell may deliver (5000000 to 6000000)x10^-19 Wattseconds(Joules) in 10^-17 seconds(Ref 2) to a DNA molecule in a cell weighing 512×10^-15 kg. The dose to the cell then is about 1000 mSv. The dose to the DNA weighing much less is much much more (a million times or so)!
The dose to the cell is delivered at the rate of 50-60 KW or at a power surge of average muscle power of more than a thousand people! What the ECRR is recommending is that nukes should not deliver a dose of more than that corresponding to a 5 W-6W hit to a single cell. Since there are hundreds of thousands of DNAs in a single cell, the hit should not be more than say 5-6 megawatts(MW) or equivalent to those delivered by a hundred thousand musclemen to a single DNA!
And the ICRP says 5 mSv or 50 times the ECRR’s dose or 250-360 Megawatts( equivalent to the power of 5 million muscle men to a single DNA or 25% of the 1200 MW at Tarapur ) causes an unmeasurable effect! Stop this madness!
http://plutoniumaradiumabillionpeoplehitdna.blogspot.com/2007/12/stop-nuclear-energy-programmes.html
PlowboyGrownUpApril 15, 2016 If a single ion does this to water, what happens with a single radioactive particle?
“A single ion impacts a million water molecules
“Researchers at EPFL’s Laboratory for fundamental BioPhotonics, led by Sylvie Roke, have probed the influence of ions on the structure of water with unprecedentedly sensitive measurements. According to their multi-scale analyses, a single ion has an influence on millions of water molecules, i.e. 10,000 times more than previously thought.”
http://www.spacedaily.com/reports/A_single_ion_impacts_a_million_water_molecules_999.html
Zero Rads In Children And Adults Project – Negative Effects Of Chronic, Cumulative Man Made Radiation Exposure
http://agreenroad.blogspot.com/p/low-dose-radiation-dangers-for-children.html
Zero Rads Extraction Project; Uranium Mining, Enrichment, Nuclear Fuel Chain, Open Air Testing, Fracking
http://agreenroad.blogspot.com/p/uranium-mining-and-enrichment.html
Zero Internal Rads Project; Negative Effects Of Internal Radiation Exposure, Risk Models, Hormesis, Radiophobia, Radiation Monitoring Networks
http://agreenroad.blogspot.com/p/effects-of-internal-low-level-nuclear.html
SUMMARY
Either humanity will eliminate nuclear weapons and facilities from the planet, or nuclear man made radiation will eventually eliminate humanity from the planet. The choice is stark and easy. Which choice are you supporting and voting for? Any politician, leader or corporation supporting nuclear weapons and nuclear plants is supporting the suicidal rush to genetic Armageddon via man made radiation bio accumulation or annihilation via a nuclear World War III.
The solution is to move towards and adopt a lifestyle that is carbon free, nuclear radiation free, and chemical free. Keep asking the question; what works for seven future generations without causing harm?
Be the change you want to see.
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The Petkau Effect And Low Dose Radiation Harm Caused To Humans, Plants, Animals And Bacteria, Orders Of Magnitude Worse Effect Than Official Estimates, Dangers Of Carbon 14 From Nuclear Plants
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http://www.agreenroadjournal.com/2012/12/the-petkau-effect-and-low-dose.html